A distributed information retrieval system which offers simple natural language input, indexed searching for fast retrieval, and a "relevance feedback" mechanism which allows the results of initial searches to influence future searches. WAIS is supported by Apple Computer, Thinking Machines and Dow Jones. Clients are able to retrieve documents using keywords. The search returns a list of documents, ranked according to the frequency of occurrence of the keyword(s) used in the search. The client can retrieve text or multimedia documents stored on the server. It uses the ANSI Z39.50 service. Public domain implementations are available.
Internet)
A distributed information service . Public domain implementations are available.
Other information retrieval systems include archie, Gopher, Prospero, and World-Wide Web.
Usenet newsgroup: comp.infosystems.wais.
Pour avoir plus d'informations sur WAIS : http://www.urec.fr/docs/wais/wais.html.
A dedicated special access line from a customer's phone system to a nearby local telco office.
A network which encompasses interconnectivity between devices over a wide geographic area. Such networks would require public rights-of-way and operate over long distances.
Réseau longue distance, c'est à dire qui va au delà d'un site industriel ou commercial (dans ce cas on parle de RLE(LAN)), au delà d'un campus ou d'un ville (dans ce cas on parle le plus souvent de MAN). Les WAN font appel à l'infrastructure et aux services d'un ou plusieurs opérateurs télécom et peuvent s'étendre sur plusieurs pays.
An emerging technology for interfacing wireless and ATM networks.
A long distance service provided by telephone companies in the United States and designed for customers with high call volumes over wide geographic areas. It is basically a discounted toll service. Rates are based on total usage rather than a call-by-call basis as in message telecommunications service.
There are two types of WATS services - in and out WATS, i.e. those WATS lines that allow you to dial out and those on which you receive incoming calls (the typical 800 line service). You subscribe to in- and out-WATS services separately.
See also WAL.
Il existe deux types de service WATS: l'entrant(INWATS) dont le concept est proche des numéros "8xx" en France et le sortant(OUTWATS).
Last conference Melbourne 1988.
A vendor consortium founded by Microsoft and Intel to do work on Web-based management scheme, protocol and request broker.
See also HMMP.
Voir aussi HMMP.
An optical transmission technique, whereby two or more signals are sent through a single fiber, using lasers with different wavelengths. Lucent Technologies has succeeded to transmit information at 1 terabit/s. WDM requires more sophisticated electro-optical equipment at each end and in the regenerators.
Technique de transmission optique dans laquelle différents lasers de longueur d'onde différentes envoient deux signaux ou plus à travers une unique fibre optique. Cela est possible car chaque signal lumineux ayant une longueur d'onde spécifique, n'interfère pas avec les autres signaux. En utilisant cette technique Lucent Technologies a déclaré avoir transmis en laboratoire des informations à la vitesse de 1 terabit par seconde. Par exemple, l'utilisation de 100 longueurs d'onde différentes permet de mélanger sur une même fibre optique de la voix et des données proposant une alternative aux protocoles comme ATM.
WDM requiert par contre des équipements plus sophistiqués au niveau de la régénération et des extrémités.
Workgroup about workflow.
A working group, within the IETF, is a group of people who work under a charter to achieve a certain goal.
That goal may be the creation of an Informational document, the creation of a protocol specification, or the resolution of problems in the Internet. Most working groups have a finite lifetime. That is, once a working group has achieved its goal, it disbands.
There is no official membership for a working group. Unofficially, a working group member is somebody who is on that working group's mailing list; however, anyone may attend a working group meeting.
See also:Birds Of a Feather.
Groupe de personnes à l'IETF (ou dans un organisme de normalisation en général) qui travaillent pour réaliser un objectif donné par une charte.
L'objectif peut-être la création d'un document d'information, l'écriture d'une spécification de protocole, ou la résolution de problèmes. La plupart des groupes de travail ont une durée de vie limitée et sont dissous leur objectif atteint.
Il n'xiste pas officiellement d'appartenance à un groupe de travail. Officieusement, un membre d'un groupe de travail est quelqu'un qui appartient à la liste de diffusion du groupe de travail considéré; cependant tout le monde peut suivre une réunion du groupe de travail.
An Internet directory service for looking up names of people on a remote server. On Unix the client command is
whois -h server_name person_nameYou can also type "telnet server_name 43" and then type the person's name on a separate line. For a list of whois servers, FTP/Gopher: sipb.mit.edu. Or
whois -h sipb.mit.edu whois-serversAs the above command demonstrates, whois can find information about things other than users, e.g. domains, networks and hosts.
See also: Defense Data Network Network ..., white pages, Knowbot, X.500, finger.
- <operating system> The {scheduling} of independent jobs on a computer.
See also {time-sharing}, {WFL}. - <job> The set of relationships between all the activities in a project, from start to finish. Activities are related by ifferent types of trigger relation. Activities may be triggered by external events or by other activities.
- The movement of documents around an organisation for purposes including sign-off, evaluation, performing activities in a process and co-writing.
[Stef Joosten et.al. "An empirical study about the practice of workflow management", {WA-12} report, 1994].
(27 Mar 1995)
A hypertext-based, distributed information system created by researchers at CERN(European Center on Nuclear Research) in Switzerland. Users may create, edit or browse hypertext documents. The clients and servers are freely available. You can find an FAQ -- where else -- on the web. A consortium the World Wide Web Consortium(W3C) has been created in 1995 to work on the development around the web.
Pour avoir plus d'informations sur WWW : http://www.urec.fr/docs/WWW/WWW.html ou le site du Web Consortium(W3C).
A program that propagates itself over a network, reproducing itself as it goes. Compare virus. Nowadays the term has negative connotations, as it is assumed that only crackers write worms.
Perhaps the best-known example was the Great Worm!!. Compare Trojan horse.
Acronyme/abbréviation utilisé sur Internet.
Acronyme/abbréviation utilisé pour les logiciels disposant d'un interface graphique, pour indiquer que ce que l'on obtient en sortie(à l'impression le plus souvent) est identique à ce qui figure à l'écran.
Vendor consortium organisation on World Wide Web.
Membership: March 1997 : about 160 members, including 135 vendors.
W3C site: http://www.w3.org/
- Pour l'Amérique: Massachusets Institute of Technology (MIT)
- Laboratory for Computer Science
- Pour l'Europe: L'INRIA
- Pour l'asie: eio University (www.keio.ac.jp)(Japon)(courant 1996)
- avec le support de DARPA et de la commission Européenne(A HREF="http://europa.eu.int/">europa.eu.int)
Le site du W3C: http://www.w3.org/.